The author is a Reuters Breakingviews columnist. The opinions expressed are her own.

By Shritama Bose

MUMBAI, May 8 (Reuters Breakingviews) - India Inc's global M&A push is coming at an inopportune time for its government. Sun Pharmaceutical Industries SUN.NS last week agreed to buy U.S.-based Organon OGN.N for $11.8 billion, months after Tata Motors' TATM.NS $4.4 billion deal to acquire Iveco's IVG.MI trucks unit. A quest for new markets and technology promises more outbound approaches. That may eventually hand New Delhi reasons to feel displeased.

Cross-border acquisitions by Indian groups are on the rise. In 2025, large-ticket transactions like Tata Motors' Iveco purchase and IT firm Coforge's COFO.NS $2.4 billion acquisition of U.S.-based Encora contributed to a $26 billion splurge on overseas assets, the most active year by volume since 2010, per Dialogic.

It's sensible for Indian companies sitting on a large cash balance to deploy it in markets where valuation multiples are lower, rather than to acquire richly valued local peers. Sun Pharma trades at 33 times forward earnings and is paying just 4 times that metric for similarly sized Organon; smaller Indian rivals like Torrent Pharma TORP.NS and Divi's Laboratories DIVI.NS trade at much higher multiples.

Access to richer markets in Asia, Europe and the U.S. is also a big draw, as is technological know-how. Tata Motors' TAMO.NS 2008 buyout of Jaguar Land Rover helped build its local range of electric cars. The incentive to buy tech firms is especially high as India's own investment in R&D, at 0.7% of GDP, lags the global average of 2%.

Interest in external assets will intensify as advances in artificial intelligence force groups from outsourcers to drugmakers to level up. Manufacturers investing in areas like defence, vehicle components and consumer electronics will look to bridge India's capability gap with the rest of the world.

New Delhi has so far been sanguine about the trend, seeing it as a sign of India Inc's growing clout on the global stage. That could change as outbound fund flows add to rising pressures on external balances. With a surging energy import bill and fund outflows, India could be staring at a third straight financial year of a negative balance of payments in the 12 months to the end of March 2027.

Part of the cash being splurged overseas stems from a 2019 decision to sharply cut the corporate tax rate; officials hoped that would encourage firms to invest more locally to stimulate growth and employment. While private spending is showing signs of life, its contribution to GDP is below historical levels.

In time, New Delhi may find those dimensions of India Inc's overseas shopping spree unpalatable and act against them. Until then, there's little reason for companies to stop gazing outwards.

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CONTEXT NEWS

Sun Pharmaceutical Industries on April 27 said it will buy ​U.S. drugmaker Organon in an all-cash deal valuing the target at about $11.75 billion including debt, making it ‌the largest overseas acquisition by an Indian pharmaceutical company.

Indian IT services provider Coforge said on December 26 it would acquire artificial intelligence firm Encora at an enterprise value of $2.35 billion to boost its in-house artificial intelligence capabilities and expand its presence in the U.S. and Latin America.